Bayonet found on the Ljubljana marshes (photo: Barbara Hofman)
Bayonet and fragments of ceramics (photo: Barbara Hofman)
In 2023, a steel bayonet with an iron scabbard was discovered during archaeological probing in the western part of the Ljubljana marshes, at the foot of the Crimean mountain range, between Tomisljem and Podpekje, in the settlement of Podkraj. In the same layer, there were still recent remains of dishes, metal and wood. The bayonet represented a random find without a pronounced context.
What is a bayonet?
It is a weapon with a steel blade that is planted on a rifle, it is intended for stabbing. It is named after the French commercial and seaside town of Ba'itumonne, where it was first made in 1647. Initially, it was attached directly to the barrel of a rifle, or rather, a musket, so the simultaneous firing and the use of a bayonet as a dagger was made impossible. However, in 1669, a bayonet was made, attached to the barrel of a rifle. It became the main weapon of most European infantry armies. Already in 17. in the XVIII century it was used by French soldiers, Prussians, Danes, English, Austrians and Russians.
Bayonets in Slovenia
The first encounter with the bayonet in Slovenia or Carniola was probably related to the armada of the Habsburg monarchy. Therefore, the most likely time of the first use of the bayonet in Carniola is associated with the Great Turkish War at the turn of the 17th century. in 18. century. The first depictions of bayonets, however, were associated with French soldiers from the time of the Illyrian Provinces (1809-1813). Bayonets were used by Grenadiers, Voltigeurs and riflemen. From the middle of the 19th.for centuries, depictions of French soldiers with bayonets on Hive finials have been published.
P you are cordially invited to visit the library of the National Museum of Slovenia!
By Barbara Hofman
Bayonet conservation: Igor Ravbar and Barbara Hofman
The showcase of the month is on display at the National Museum of Slovenia at Musemska.
Bajonet, najden na Ljubljanskem barju (fotografija: Barbara Hofman)
Bajonet in fragmenti keramike (fotografija: Barbara Hofman)
Ob arheološkem sondiranju na zahodnem delu Ljubljanskega barja, na vznožju Krimskega pogorja, med Tomišljem in Podpečjo, v naselju Podkraj, je bil leta 2023 odkrit jeklen bajonet z železno nožnico. V isti plasti so se nahajali še recentni ostanki posodja, kovine in lesa. Bajonet je predstavljal naključno najdbo brez izrazitega konteksta.
Kaj je bajonet?
Je orožje z jeklenim rezilom, ki se ga nasadi na puško, namenjeno je bodenju. Imenovano je po francoskem trgovskem in obmorskem mestu Bayonne, kjer so ga leta 1647 prvič izdelali. Sprva je bil pritrjen neposredno na cev puške, oziroma muškete, zato je bilo istočasno streljanje in uporaba bajoneta kot bodeža, onemogočeno. Leta 1669 pa je bil izdelan bajonet, pritrjen ob cev puške. Postal je glavno orožje večine evropskih pehotnih armad. Že v 17. stoletju so ga uporabljali francoski vojaki, Prusi, Danci, Angleži, Avstrijci ter Rusi.
Bajoneti na Slovenskem
Prvo srečanje z bajonetom na Slovenskem, oziroma na Kranjskem je bilo verjetno povezano z oborožitvijo armad v sklopu habsburške monarhije. Zato je najverjetnejši čas prve uporabe bajoneta na Kranjskem povezan z Veliko turško vojno na prelomu iz 17. v 18. stoletje. Prve upodobitve bajonetov pa so bile povezane s francoskimi vojaki iz časa ilirskih provinc (1809-1813). Bajonete so uporabljali grenadirji, voltigeurji in strelci. Iz sredine 19.stoletja izhajajo upodobitve francoskih vojakov z bajoneti na panjskih končnicah.
Prisrčno vabljeni na ogled v Knjižnico Narodnega muzeja Slovenije!
Avtorica vitrine : Barbara Hofman
Konserviranje bajoneta : Igor Ravbar in Barbara Hofman
